PAIN Referencing Guide
(updated Oct 2023)

How do you cite a book in the PAIN referencing style? (2023 Guide)

One of the most cited mediums is of course books. Here’s how to cite a book in PAIN

Here’s an example book citation in PAIN using placeholders: So if we want to cite, for example, “I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings” by Maya Angelou we’d do so like this:
PAIN citation: And an in-text citation book citation in PAIN looks like this: [1]


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How to reference a journal article in the PAIN citation style?

How do you cite scientific papers in PAIN format?

To write a research paper, you need to incorporate sources. This means that you have to know how to format the sources in your academic paper. To cite someone else’s paper in PAIN in your research, follow these simple steps.

Here’s a PAIN journal citation example using placeholders: So if we want to reference this scientific article: “Testing consumer preferences for iced-coffee: Does the drinking environment have any influence?” by C. Petit and J.M. Sieffermann in PAIN: And an in-text citation would look like this: [1]


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How to cite a website in a paper in PAIN style?

Citing your sources is a necessary part of any research paper. To cite a website in PAIN this is what you need

Here’s an PAIN example website reference: To reference the article located at this link:
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/nov/05/uselections20083
on The Guardian website: And an in-text citation would look like this: [1]

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How to cite a YouTube video PAIN in 2023

While you might first think of books, journal articles, and news websites as go-to sources for academic work, YouTube also provides a wealth of quality information. Here’s how to cite it in PAIN

Here’s a PAIN citation YouTube video example: So how to cite a video PAIN? And an in-text video citation would look like this: [1]

How to cite a podcast using PAIN referencing style

To cite a podcast episode in PAIN, all you need to do is the following

It is becoming more and more common to reference podcasts in essays or other school work.
Here’s how to reference a podcast it in PAIN. Podcast referencing example in PAIN using “This American Life” episode 640: And an in-text citation would look like this: [1]

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How to cite a piece of music or a song using PAIN referencing style?

Are you into rock, pop, heavy metal, hip hop, jazz, electronic, or classical music and would like to cite or reference one of your favourite songs? Here’s how to do it in PAIN

An example song citation in PAIN. Let‘s say we want to reference “Here Comes the Sun” off The Beatles “Abbey Road” album in PAIN: And an in-text citation would look like this: [1]