The Optical Society Referencing Guide
(updated Dec 2023)

How do you cite a book in the The Optical Society referencing style? (2023 Guide)

A book citation in The Optical Society always includes the author name(s), the publication year, the book title, and the publisher. Here’s an example

Here’s an example book citation in The Optical Society using placeholders: So if we want to cite, for example, “I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings” by Maya Angelou we’d do so like this:
The Optical Society citation: And an in-text citation book citation in The Optical Society looks like this:  [1]


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How to reference a journal article in the The Optical Society citation style?

How do you cite scientific papers in The Optical Society format?

To cite a research paper or journal article following the The Optical Society formatting guide, follow these easy steps

Here’s a The Optical Society journal citation example using placeholders: So if we want to reference this scientific article: “Testing consumer preferences for iced-coffee: Does the drinking environment have any influence?” by C. Petit and J.M. Sieffermann in The Optical Society: And an in-text citation would look like this:  [1]


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How to cite a website in a paper in The Optical Society style?

The most basic entry for a website consists of the author name(s), webpage title, website title, institution/publisher, publication date, and DOI or URL. Here’s how to cite it properly in The Optical Society

Here’s an The Optical Society example website reference: To reference the article located at this link:
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/nov/05/uselections20083
on The Guardian website: And an in-text citation would look like this:  [1]

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How to cite a YouTube video The Optical Society in 2023

If you’ve previously cited a video from a website in The Optical Society, then the process for citing a video from YouTube is basically the same. Here’s how to do it

Here’s a The Optical Society citation YouTube video example: So how to cite a video The Optical Society? And an in-text video citation would look like this:  [1]

How to cite a podcast using The Optical Society referencing style

Are you wondering if it’s ok to reference a podcast episode in a research paper? Here’s how to cite it in The Optical Society

It is becoming more and more common to reference podcasts in essays or other school work.
Here’s how to reference a podcast it in The Optical Society. Podcast referencing example in The Optical Society using “This American Life” episode 640: And an in-text citation would look like this:  [1]

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How to cite a piece of music or a song using The Optical Society referencing style?

Although citing a song might seem uncommon, there’s no need to worry. We’ve got you covered for both audio recordings and written song lyrics, here’s how to cite in The Optical Society

An example song citation in The Optical Society. Let‘s say we want to reference “Here Comes the Sun” off The Beatles “Abbey Road” album in The Optical Society: And an in-text citation would look like this:  [1]